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Usage:
halfnorm(x [,ties:"ignore" or "average" or "minimum"]), x REAL or a
structure with REAL components.
halfnorm(n:N), integer N > 0.
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Keywords:
transformations, descriptive statistics, ordering
halfnorm(x) computes the vector of approximate half normal scores for
the data in the REAL vector x. This probably makes sense only when the
elements of x are all non-negative, although that is not required.
halfnorm(n:N), N a positive integer, is equivalent to halfnorm(run(N)).
What is computed is equivalent to
invnor(.5 + .5*(rank(abs(x),ties:"ignore") - .375)/(n + .25))
where n is the number of non-MISSING values. The value corresponding to
a missing value is MISSING.
The most important use of halfnorm() is probably plot(halfnorm(ss),
sqrt(ss)), where ss is a vector of 1 degree of freedom sums of squares.
This produces a half normal plot of sqrt(ss).
halfnorm(x [keywords]) has the same labels as x, if any.
halfnorm(x,ties:Method), where Method is "ignore", "average", or
"minimum" (or "i", "a", "m") computes invnor(.5 +
.5*(rank(abs(x),ties:Method) - .375)/(n + .25)). See rank() for a
detailed discussion of the three methods. It is hard to think of a
situation when you would want to use "minimum" with halfnorm().
If x is a matrix, the result is a matrix each of whose columns contains
the half normal scores for the corresponding column of x.
If x is an array, halfnorm(x) is an array of the same size and shape
with all the elements with fixed values of subscripts 2, 3, ... defining
a "column" whose half normal scores are computed. An array with
dimension > 2 is always treated as an array and not as a matrix, even if
there are at most two dimensions greater than 1.
It is also acceptable for x to be a structure, whose non-structure
components are all REAL. In that case, halfnorm(x) returns a structure
of the same form, each of whose non-structure components is the result
of applying halfnorm() to the corresponding component of x.
Example:
Cmd> x <- vector(.59,8.82,9.46,3.34,3.49) # ranks are 1,4,5,2,3
Cmd> halfnorm(x)
(1) 0.14976 1.0162 1.5588 0.39821 0.67449
See also rankits().
Gary Oehlert
2003-01-15